E-bikes and e-scooters are useful, but in a block of flats a battery fire can affect far more than one home. London Fire Brigade reports an average of one such fire every two days in London, many of them in homes while batteries are charging.
Why these fires are different
When a lithium-ion battery fails, it can ignite quickly and produce an intense fire that spreads rapidly, along with toxic smoke. That leaves little time to react, which is why where and how you charge matters so much.
Charging safely
- Follow the manufacturer's instructions and unplug the charger when charging is finished.
- Charge while you are awake and alert. Do not leave batteries charging while you are asleep or out.
- Use the manufacturer-approved charger, and replace a damaged one with an official replacement.
- Do not cover chargers or battery packs.
- Keep them away from combustible or flammable materials.
- Do not overload sockets or use unsuitable extension leads.
- Make sure you have working smoke alarms.
Storing them in a block
Fire service advice is to avoid storing or charging e-bikes and e-scooters on escape routes or in communal areas of a multi-occupied building. A fire in a hallway or stairwell could stop people from getting out, and a bike left in the wrong place can block the way even if it never catches fire.
If your building has a bike store or other allocated area, follow the rules for it. Do not assume that charging is allowed there just because storage is. If you are not sure, ask first.
Buying safely
Buy e-bikes, e-scooters, batteries and chargers from reputable retailers. Be especially careful with conversion kits and with online marketplaces, and make sure any separate components are compatible. Registering the product with the manufacturer also helps you hear about safety recalls.
Warning signs
Stop using a battery that appears damaged, and do not keep charging it. Then check the manufacturer's advice and use a proper disposal route. Lithium-ion batteries should not go in general household waste or recycling.
If there is a fire
Do not try to put it out. Get out, stay out and call 999.
For directors and those running a building
The National Fire Chiefs Council says Responsible Persons should consider the risks where these products are charged or left in common areas such as escape routes, bike stores and scooter charging rooms. It also suggests giving residents advice on safe use.
Three practical steps are:
- Ask your fire risk assessor to consider e-bikes and e-scooters at your next review.
- Decide what is allowed in bike stores and common parts, and put it in writing.
- Tell residents clearly, and include tenants as well as leaseholders.
Any policy should also take account of people who rely on mobility scooters, so that safety rules do not leave them without a workable option.
This guide is general information for England at 1 November 2026, not legal advice. Your lease and your building's circumstances may change how it applies to you, and the law may change after this date.